林肯的演讲
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
译本
八十七年前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上给我们带来了一个新的共和国，她受孕于自由的理念，并献身于一切人生来平等的理想。
如今我们卷入了一场巨大的内战，以考验我们或任何一个受孕于自由和献身于上述理想的共和国是否能够长久生存下去。我们聚集在这场战争中的一个重要战场上，我们来到这里，是要把这个战场土地的一部分奉献给那些为使这个共和国能够生存下去而献出了自己的生命的烈士们作为最后安息之所。我们这样做是完全应该而且是非常恰当的。
但是，从更广泛的意义上来说，不是我们奉献了，圣化了，神化了这块土地，而是那些活着的或者已经死去的、曾经在这里战斗过的英雄们使得这块土地成为神圣之土，它们远超于我们的力量来使其神圣增减一分。世人不会注意，也不会记住我们在这里说什么，但是它们永远无法忘记那些英雄们的行为。这更要求我们这些活着的人去继续奉献那些英雄们为之战斗的未尽事业。我们应该在这里把自己奉献于仍然留在我们面前的伟大任务——要从这些光荣的死者身上汲取更多的献身精神，来完成他们已经完全彻底为之献身的事业；我们要在这里下定最大的决心，不让这些死者白白牺牲——要使这个国家在上帝保佑下得到新生——要使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。[1]
评价
2013年11月19日一大早，来自美国各地约万人云集宾夕法尼亚州小镇葛底斯堡国家公墓纪念活动现场。整整150年前，美国第16任总统林肯就是在这里发表了至今令世人传诵的《葛底斯堡演说》。
葛底斯堡国家公墓周边阵列的大炮及一排排白色墓碑无声地诉说着一个半世纪以前的惨烈一幕：1863年7月1日至3日发生的葛底斯堡战役正值美国内战关键时刻。在三天的战事中，双方发射了700万发子弹，双方伤、亡、失踪人数多达5.1万人，也因此成为美国历史上最为血腥的战斗。战斗结束后，仅在葛底斯堡大地上死亡的5000匹战马便成为恐怖一景。此役之后，北方赢得战争，因而避免国家分裂之势再也不可逆转。
150年前的林肯在最短的时间内、用最短的篇幅阐示了具有极为深远历史意义的理念。华盛顿、杰斐逊等美国建国之父虽也申张人权，但他们都曾经拥有奴隶，这也更能看出林肯的伟大。但如果林肯活在现世，他也会看到，150年后的今天，他所呼唤的真正的人人平等远未实现。
“当今美国仍旧缺乏自由。坦率地讲，我认为现在的政府变得太大，我对此感到忧虑。”里迪教授也认为，林肯在葛底斯堡演说中展现出一种历史眼光，即美国政府、公共机构及整个社会应平等对待所有人，在这方面，现实中的美国仍未实现这一目标。[1]
新版葛底斯堡演说
编辑
美国共和党总统候选人特朗普2016年10月22日在葛底斯堡发表演讲，阐述如果赢得大选和就任总统后100天内的执政计划。
特朗普说，政治上，将为国会议员设立任期限制；国会议员离任后5年内不得从事游说工作；前白宫官员终身禁止代表外国政府游说；禁止外国游说者为美国选举募集资金；联邦政府冻结招聘新雇员等。
经济上，特朗普表示将重新进行谈判或废除美国现有国际贸易协议，解除美国能源生产限制，撤销基础设施投资障碍，将应对气候变暖资金用于其他环境项目，阻止AT&T和时代华纳合并等。
在国家安全问题上，特朗普称将对难民和移民采取“极其严格的背景审查”，取消现任总统奥巴马针对移民问题颁布的行政命令，遭遣返的非法移民再次入境美国将被判两年监禁等。
特朗普说，这些举措将在他入主白宫百日内，打包成诸如“终止非法移民法”或“废除或替代奥巴马医保法”等提交国会立法通过。[3]
演说全文
Gettysburg, PA: Today, in historic Gettysburg, PA, Donald J. Trump presented a game-changing plan for his first 100 days in office. This revolutionary “Contract with the American Voter” will ensure that America’s economy is revitalized and citizens are protected.
今天（22日）， 在葛底斯堡Gettysburg，PA， 特朗普发布了他的革命性的入主白宫100天计划. 这个名为“我与广大美国选民的契约”将会保证重振美国经济， 确保国民安全。
“I’m not a politician, and have never wanted to be one. But when I saw the trouble our country was in, I knew I couldn’t stand by and watch any longer. Our country has been so good to me, I love our country, I felt I had to act,” said Mr. Trump in his address.
“我从来不是，也不想成为一个政客。 但当我看见我们国家的问题的时候，我知道我无法再袖手旁观了。 我们的祖国曾经施惠于我， 我爱她， 我感到我必须行动起来。
“Change has to come from outside this broken system. The fact that the Washington establishment has tried so hard to stop our campaign is only more proof that our campaign represents the kind of change that only arrives once in a lifetime,” he continued.
“变革必须来自这个崩塌的系统的外部， 而我的竞选能够代表这种一生难得的变革。 建制派对我的竞选的疯狂抵制就是明证。
“I am asking the American people to rise above the noise and the clutter of our broken politics, and to embrace that great faith and optimism that has always been the central ingredient in the American character. I am asking you to dream big.
我呼吁， 美国人民从当下政治的嘈杂和凌乱中探起头来，一起拥护美国精神的中流砥柱— 伟大的信仰和乐观精神。 我恳请大家（对国家）有远大的愿景。
“What follows is my 100-day action plan to Make America Great Again. It is a contract between Donald J. Trump and the American voter – and begins with restoring honesty, accountability and change to Washington,” he concluded.
接下来就是我的100天计划to Make America Great Again. 这是特朗普和所有美国选民的关于重塑华府诚信、责任和革新的契约。
DONALD J. TRUMP CONTRACT WITH THE AMERICAN VOTER
唐纳德特朗普与美国选民的契约
What follows is my 100-day action plan to Make America Great Again. It is a contract between myself and the American voter – and begins with restoring honesty, accountability and change to Washington Therefore, on the first day of my term of office, my administration will immediately pursue the following six measures to clean up the corruption and special interest collusion in Washington, DC:
接下来是我的100天行动计划。 在我就职的第一天， 我的政府会立即开始执行6条措施来清除华府的腐败和特殊利益勾结。
FIRST, propose a Constitutional Amendment to impose term limits on all members of Congress;
第一， 起草一项宪法修正案， 规定国会成员的任期有上限term limits
SECOND, a hiring freeze on all federal employees to reduce federal workforce through attrition (exempting military, public safety, and public health);
第二， 所有政府部门停止招聘新的员工以削减开支（军队， 公共安全， 公共健康部门除外）
THIRD, a requirement that for every new federal regulation, two existing regulations must be eliminated;
第三， 以后每产生一条新的联邦法规，必须先废除两条旧的。
FOURTH, a 5 year-ban on White House and Congressional officials becoming lobbyists after they leave government service;
第四， 规定所有白宫与国会官员离职5年之内不能担任政治说客lobbyist （公司或团体的在政府内部拥有关系、能为公司或团体谋利益的人）。
FIFTH, a lifetime ban on White House officials lobbying on behalf of a foreign government;
第五，规定所有白宫与国会官员终身不能担任其他国家政府的政治说客lobbyist。
SIXTH, a complete ban on foreign lobbyists raising money for American elections.
第六， 规定禁止其他国家的说客为美国大选筹款。
On the same day, I will begin taking the following 7 actions to protect American workers:
在同一天， 我将开始执行以下7条措施来保护美国工人：
FIRST, I will announce my intention to renegotiate NAFTA or withdraw from the deal under Article 2205
第一，宣布与NAFTA重新谈判、或者按照Article 2205文件退出协议。
SECOND, I will announce our withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership
第二，宣布退出环太平洋合作组织TPP
THIRD, I will direct my Secretary of the Treasury to label China a currency manipulator
第三，让财政部长标定中国为汇率操纵国
FOURTH, I will direct the Secretary of Commerce and U.S. Trade Representative to identify all foreign trading abuses that unfairly impact American workers and direct them to use every tool under American and international law to end those abuses immediately
第四，让商业部和美国贸易代表团裁定所有那些对美国工人不公正的非正当的国际贸易举措， 引导美国工人利用美国的国际法来终止这些不正当的贸易。
FIFTH, I will lift the restrictions on the production of $50 trillion dollars’ worth of job- producing American energy reserves, including shale, oil, natural gas and clean coal.
第五，减轻对价值五十万亿美元的美国能源储备生产活动所采取的限制， 包括页岩，天然气，清洁煤
SIXTH, lift the Obama-Clinton roadblocks and allow vital energy infrastructure projects, like the Keystone Pipeline, to move forward
第六， 减轻奥巴马和克林顿对能源基建项目所采取的限制， 比如keystone 管道计划
SEVENTH, cancel billions in payments to U.N. climate change programs and use the money to fix America’s water and environmental infrastructure
第七， 撤销对联合国气候变化项目的高达十亿美元的资助，并将这笔资金用于修复美国水资源和环境基础建设。
Additionally, on the first day, I will take the following five actions to restore security and the constitutional rule of law:
另外， 在第一天我还会采取5项措施来恢复安保和保障宪法：
FIRST, cancel every unconstitutional executive action, memorandum and order issued by President Obama
第一，取消所有奥巴马发出的违宪的决策（？）、 备忘录和法令（order？）
SECOND, begin the process of selecting a replacement for Justice Scalia from one of the 20 judges on my list, who will uphold and defend the Constitution of the United States
第二，开始大法官筛选程序、从20个我选出的法官中选出一位Scalia大法官的替代者。该替代者会维护和保障美国宪法。
THIRD, cancel all federal funding to Sanctuary Cities
第三，取消所有对Santuary Cities 收容所城市？ 的联邦资助
FOURTH, begin removing the more than 2 million criminal illegal immigrants from the country and cancel visas to foreign countries that won’t take them back
第四， 开始遣返大于两百万的非法移民罪犯。 倘若对方国家不愿意接收， 则取消对方国家的签证。
FIFTH, suspend immigration from terror-prone regions where vetting cannot safely occur. All vetting of people coming into our country will be considered extreme vetting.
第五，暂停从terror-prone 有恐怖主义倾向的、且移民审查失效的国家接受移民。 所有来美国的移民必须接受极端审查extreme vetting。
Next, I will work with Congress to introduce the following broader legislative measures and fight for their passage within the first 100 days of my Administration:
接下来， 我会和国会一起采取下面这个更广泛的立法措施，并确保其在我上任100天内通过（国会表决）。
1. Middle Class Tax Relief And Simplification Act. An economic plan designed to grow the economy 4% per year and create at least 25 million new jobs through massive tax reduction and simplification, in combination with trade reform, regulatory relief, and lifting the restrictions on American energy.
第一， 中产阶级税务减轻和简化法案。 这是一项旨在通过减税和简化税法使得GDP增速达到4%、产生两千五百万个新工作的经济计划。同时与之配套的还会有贸易改革、宽松法规relief 和减轻美国能源限制等举措
The largest tax reductions are for the middle class. A middle-class family with 2 children will get a 35% tax cut. The current number of brackets will be reduced from 7 to 3, and tax forms will likewise be greatly simplified.
中产将得到最大的税务减免。 一个2孩的中产家庭会有35%的税务减免。目前的税务种类bucket？ 会从7种减少到3种， 税表也会相应简化。
The business rate will be lowered from 35 to 15 percent, and the trillions of dollars of American corporate money overseas can now be brought back at a 10 percent rate.
商业税率会从35减少到15， 数以万亿美元的美国企业海外资金会以10%的速度回流。
2. End The Offshoring Act. Establishes tariffs to discourage companies from laying off their workers in order to relocate in other countries and ship their products back to the U.S. tax-free.
第二， 停止离岸offshoring 法案。 通过设立关税来抑制公司一些全球化的行为， 比如将总部设立到海外、产品返运回美国时避税并且解雇美国本土工人。
3. American Energy & Infrastructure Act. Leverages public-private partnerships, and private investments through tax incentives, to spur $1 trillion in infrastructure investment over 10 years. It is revenue neutral.
第三， 美国能源与基建法案。通过税率优惠来争取私营贷款，从而进行一项为期10年的1万亿的基建投资（？） 该项目可以确保收支平衡。
4. School Choice And Education Opportunity Act. Redirects education dollars to gives parents the right to send their kid to the public, private, charter, magnet, religious or home school of their choice. Ends common core, brings education supervision to local communities. It expands vocational and technical education,and make 2 and 4-year college more affordable.
第四， 学校选择与教育机会法案。 重新定向教育资金，从而使父母能有权利选择送他们的孩子去公立、私立、教会、磁校、宗教或者家庭学校。 取消common core（The Common Core State Standards Initiative， 是给全美所有都统一执行的从一年级到十二年级的教学质量评判标准，主要是英语和数学。川普这里想让每个地方政府自己定标准，以便照顾地区差异性，而不要全国统一用一样的。）， 将教育监督的权利还给当地社区。 这项法案会拓展职业教育和技能教育， 并使2年制和4年制的大学更便宜。
5. Repeal and Replace Obamacare Act. Fully repeals Obamacare and replaces it with Health Savings Accounts, the ability to purchase health insurance across state lines, and lets states manage Medicaid funds. Reforms will also include cutting the red tape at the FDA: there are over 4,000 drugs awaiting approval, and we especially want to speed the approval of life-saving medications.
第五，撤销和替换奥巴马医保Obamacare 法案。 完全撤销奥巴马医保， 用一项健康储蓄账户Health Savings Accounts替换。 新的法案会让普通人有能力在各个州购买健康保险，并让各个州管理Medicaid基金。 改革同样包括精简FDA的新药批准流程。 目前有4000中药物正在等待批准， 我们特别希望能加速这一过程。
6. Affordable Childcare and Eldercare Act. Allows Americans to deduct childcare and elder care from their taxes, incentivizes employers to provide on-side childcare services, and creates tax-free Dependent Care Savings Accounts for both young and elderly dependents, with matching contributions for low-income families.
第六， 可负担的儿童保障和老年人保障法案。儿童保障和老年人保障将可用于抵税， 从而鼓励员工提供on-side？ 儿童保障服务。 同时设立免税的、针对年轻和年迈的受扶养人的保障储蓄账户Dependent Care Savings Accounts。
7. End Illegal Immigration Act. Fully-funds the construction of a wall on our southern border with the full understanding that the country Mexico will be reimbursing the United States for the full cost of such wall; establishes a 2 -year mandatory minimum federal prison sentence for illegally re-entering the U.S. after a previous deportation, and a 5-year mandatory minimum for illegally re-entering for those with felony convictions, multiple misdemeanor convictions or two or more prior deportations; also reforms visa rules to enhance penalties for overstaying and to ensure open jobs are offered to American workers first.
第七， 撤销非法移民法案。 全力资助南部边境的隔离墙的修建，并确保墨西哥会补偿美国的修墙支出。 对于再次非法入境美国的， 强制至少2年联邦监狱服刑。 对于再次非法入境美国的重罪、多次犯罪、多次递解出境的罪犯， 强制至少5年联邦监狱服刑。 同时改革签证法规， 加重对于超期滞留的处罚，并保证有新的工作机会时，美国工人被首先考虑。
8. Restoring Community Safety Act. Reduces surging crime, drugs and violence by creating a Task Force On Violent Crime and increasing funding for programs that train and assist local police; increases resources for federal law enforcement agencies and federal prosecutors to dismantle criminal gangs and put violent offenders behind bars.
第八， 恢复社区安全法案。 建立专项武装部队来减少犯罪、贩毒、暴力行为，增加项目支出用以训练和协助当地警方。 增加警员数量来瓦解犯罪团伙，监禁罪犯。
9. Restoring National Security Act. Rebuilds our military by eliminating the defense sequester and expanding military investment; provides Veterans with the ability to receive public VA treatment or attend the private doctor of their choice; protects our vital infrastructure from cyber-attack; establishes new screening procedures for immigration to ensure those who are admitted to our country support our people and our values.
第九， 恢复国家安全法案。 减少协防支出？？ 增加军事投入，重建军力。 为退伍军人提供公共VA treatment （专门的管理退伍老兵的机构（Department of Veterans Affairs），老兵医疗服务一般就是VA treatment，由专门的VA医疗服务中心提供）。加强网络安全建设。建立新的移民筛选机制， 保证新移民能够支持我们的人民和价值观。
10. Clean up Corruption in Washington Act. Enacts new ethics reforms to Drain the Swamp and reduce the corrupting influence of special interests on our politics.
第十，反贪腐法案。通过新的职业道德规范改革ethics reform（？） 来清除不良风气， 减少特殊利益集团对我国政治的影响。
On November 8th, Americans will be voting for this 100-day plan to restore prosperity to our economy, security to our communities, and honesty to our government.
在十一月8号， 美国人民会为我这100天计划投票， 来重新恢复我们国家经济繁荣，社区安全和政府诚信。
This is my pledge to you.
这是我对你们的誓约
And if we follow these steps, we will once more have a government of, by and for the people.
如果我们按计划执行这些步骤， 我们会再次拥有民有、民治、民享的政府 |
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